For questions, the up-vote button is titled "This question shows research effort; it is useful and clear".
Consider (made up examples):
- "I read that …" [Where did you read it?]
- "I read that …" [But exactly what did it say?]
- "T͟h͟i͟s͟ says that …" [The link is to a textbook; are we expected to read it all?]
- "T͟h͟i͟s͟ web page says that …" [It took me 10 minutes to find some text that might have been misread as meaning that.]
- …
Other questions:
- Have the question in the Body that's significantly different from the one in the Title.
- Have very poor spelling and grammar, and blatant typos.
- Have little or no punctuation.
- Have one monolithic paragraph.
- Ramble on without getting to the point and then expect the reader to figure out exactly what is being asked.
- …
In many cases, a posting can contain a fundamentally good question that generates some excellent answers, while itself showing no research and being poorly worded.
Those answers deserve up-votes.
The question doesn't.